Is Aadi Maasam Really Inauspicious? Meaning and Forgotten Wisdom

Is Aadi Maasam Really Inauspicious?

The Forgotten Wisdom Behind the Sacred Tamil Month

Every year, as the Tamil month of Aadi begins, wedding calendars become quiet, housewarmings are postponed and we hear the familiar statement: 

“Aadi is not an auspicious month.”

But can a month filled with prayers, lamps, Goddess worship, temple festivals, overflowing rivers and community feeding truly be inauspicious?

Perhaps Aadi has been misunderstood.

Aadi is not a month without auspiciousness. It is a month in which auspiciousness takes a different form. 

Instead of celebrating personal milestones, our ancestors devoted this period to the Divine, to nature and to the forces that sustain life.

Is Aadi Celebrated by All South Indians?

Strictly speaking, Aadi is the fourth month of the Tamil solar calendar and generally falls between mid-July and mid-August. 

It is therefore especially important in Tamil Nadu and among Tamil communities across the world.

The corresponding seasonal period is known by different names in other parts of South India - 

Ashadha in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, 

and Karkidakam in Kerala. 

The customs are not identical, but many of them share a movement towards prayer, restraint, seasonal discipline and spiritual reflection.

So, while Aadi itself is specifically Tamil, the wisdom behind it belongs to a wider South Indian cultural landscape.

A Sacred Pause, Not an Unlucky Month

Aadi marks the traditional beginning of Dakshinayana, the Sun’s apparent southward movement. In spiritual thought, this begins a quieter and more inward-looking half of the year.

Our ancestors did not treat every season in the same way. There were periods for sowing, periods for harvesting, periods for celebration and periods for prayer. Aadi created a deliberate pause from elaborate personal functions so that people could turn their attention towards worship, agriculture and community life.

Calling Aadi “inauspicious” oversimplifies this beautiful idea. It is more accurate to call it a month reserved for the Divine.

The Agricultural Intelligence Behind Aadi

Aadi arrives during an important monsoon season. In an agrarian society, rain, rising rivers and the readiness of the soil determined whether families would have food and livelihood in the months ahead.

The Tamil proverb “Aadi pattam thedi vidhai” advises farmers to sow their seeds during the appropriate Aadi season. It reflects generations of close observation of rainfall, soil and crop cycles.

This was not the easiest time to organise long journeys or lavish family celebrations. People were occupied with preparing fields and sowing crops, while seasonal weather could make travel and large gatherings difficult. Postponing weddings and housewarmings therefore had practical wisdom as well as spiritual meaning.

Aadi reminds us that traditions were often calendars of survival. They helped communities use their time, food, labour and natural resources wisely.

Aadi Perukku -When Water Becomes Sacred

The ecological heart of Aadi can be seen in Aadi Perukku, celebrated on the eighteenth day of the month. The word perukku means rising or swelling and refers to rivers rising with monsoon waters.

Families traditionally gather near rivers, especially the Kaveri to offer prayers and express gratitude for water. Women place flowers and lamps near the riverbanks, and families share different varieties of mixed rice.

This is not merely a colourful ritual. It carries a powerful environmental message. Water is not just a commodity that flows from a tap. It is the basis of farming, food and life itself.

At a time when many parts of the world face water scarcity, pollution and unpredictable weather, Aadi Perukku feels remarkably relevant. It teaches us to honour water before we consume it and to protect the natural sources on which our lives depend.

Why Is the Divine Mother Worshipped During Aadi?

Aadi is dedicated to Shakti, the feminine energy that creates, nourishes and protects the universe. Mariamman, Durga, Kali and many forms of Amman are worshipped throughout the month.

The timing is deeply symbolic. When the earth receives rain and begins preparing to produce new life, people worship the Divine Mother as the source of fertility, protection and abundance.

Aadi Fridays and Tuesdays—Aadi Velli and Aadi Chevvai—are considered especially sacred. Women light lamps, offer turmeric, kumkum and flowers, prepare prasadam and pray for the well-being of their families.

These practices also place women at the centre of preserving and transmitting culture. Through kolams, songs, food, prayer and storytelling, traditions travel quietly from one generation to the next.

The Meaning Behind Koozh and Community Feeding

One of the most familiar sights during Aadi is the distribution of koozh at Amman temples. This simple fermented millet porridge is traditionally regarded as nourishing and suitable for the season. Pongal, sundal and other forms of prasadam are also prepared and shared.

The simplicity of the food is significant. Aadi worship does not depend upon luxury. A humble preparation, when offered with devotion and shared freely, becomes sacred.

Community feeding also dissolves social differences. People stand together, receive the same prasadam and experience devotion as a collective rather than a private act. Aadi therefore connects spirituality with generosity.

Why Were Weddings Traditionally Avoided?

There is no need to fear Aadi or believe that the entire month brings bad luck. Several religious and practical reasons came together to create the tradition of avoiding weddings and housewarmings during this period.

• The month was dedicated primarily to Goddess worship and temple observances.

• Agricultural families needed to concentrate on sowing and related work.

• Monsoon conditions could make travel and large gatherings inconvenient.

• Families conserved their money, grain and other resources for the important season ahead.

• The inward-looking period of Dakshinayana encouraged prayer and restraint rather than elaborate celebration.

Over time, the simple instruction to reserve Aadi for other purposes may have become the stronger statement that Aadi itself was “inauspicious.” The original idea, however, appears far more thoughtful: every activity has its proper season.

Beyond Aadi Pooram

Aadi includes many sacred observances—Aadi Pirappu, Aadi Velli, Aadi Chevvai, Aadi Amavasai, Aadi Perukku, Aadi Krithigai and Aadi Pooram. Each reflects a different aspect of devotion, remembrance, nature or community life.

I have written separately about the significance of Aadi Pooram, the celebration associated with Goddess Andal and her extraordinary devotion to Lord Vishnu.

The wider meaning of Aadi, however, reaches beyond any single festival. The whole month creates a rhythm of gratitude and spiritual awareness.

What Can Aadi Teach Us Today?

Modern life encourages constant activity. We move from one celebration, purchase and achievement to the next, rarely pausing to consider the natural and human systems that make our lives possible.

Aadi asks us to slow down.

It asks us to thank the rain before using the water, remember the farmer before eating the food, honour our ancestors before claiming our achievements, respect feminine energy and share what we have with the community.

Even if our lifestyles have changed, these values have not lost their meaning. In fact, they may be more necessary today than ever before.

Aadi - A Different Kind of Auspiciousness

Aadi Maasam is not empty of joy. Its joy is found in lamps glowing inside temples, rivers filling after the rain, fields receiving new seeds, food being shared and families gathering in prayer.

It is not a rejection of celebration, but a reminder that life cannot be one continuous celebration of ourselves.

Sometimes we must pause, look beyond our individual desires and express gratitude to the Divine and to nature.

That is the forgotten wisdom of Aadi and perhaps its greatest blessing.

#AadiMaasam #TamilTraditions #AadiPerukku #AadiVelli #ShaktiWorship #SouthIndianCulture #SukanyasMusings

Creamy Vegetarian Thai Red Curry Recipe | Easy Homemade Thai Curry with Coconut Milk

Creamy Vegetarian Thai Red Curry | Easy Homemade Thai Curry with Coconut Milk

"Loved our Thai Green Curry… so this delicious Thai Red Curry simply had to follow!" ❤️🌶️🥥

After polishing off every last spoonful of my Vegetarian Thai Green Curry, my daughters had just one request…

"Mum, if we loved the Green Curry so much, why don't we try making Thai Red Curry too?" 😄

Well… that was all the inspiration I needed!

There is something absolutely magical about Thai food, the incredible aromas, vibrant colours and the perfect balance of sweet, spicy, tangy and creamy flavours. Although Thai cuisine has its own unique identity, I often feel it shares many similarities with Indian cuisine. 

Both cuisines make generous use of herbs and spices that are not only flavourful but are also wonderfully nourishing and refreshing.

This creamy Vegetarian Thai Red Curry is rich, comforting and loaded with colourful vegetables, all gently simmered in luscious coconut milk and infused with beautiful Thai flavours.

For this recipe, I used a good-quality Thai Red Curry Paste and enhanced it with fresh ingredients to make the curry even more flavourful and aromatic. However, for those who enjoy preparing everything from scratch, I have also included my homemade Thai Red Curry Paste recipe below.

Traditionally, Thai Red Curry is served with fragrant jasmine rice, but at home we absolutely enjoy it with steaming hot basmati rice too. Every bite is creamy, mildly spicy and deeply satisfying… another family favourite that disappeared from our lunch table in minutes!

🌶 Homemade Vegan Thai Red Curry Paste

This homemade Thai Red Curry Paste is packed with red chillies, fresh herbs and toasted spices. As it does not contain shrimp paste or any other animal-based ingredients, it is completely vegetarian and vegan.

Ingredients

Dry red chillies, soaked - 8 to 10
Shallots - 6 to 7
Garlic - 6 cloves
Galangal - 2-inch piece
Fresh ginger - 1-inch piece
Lemongrass - 2 stalks, white portion only
Coriander leaves - 1 handful
Kaffir lime leaves - 3
Red bell pepper - ¼, optional
Coriander seeds - 1½ tablespoons
Cumin seeds - 1 teaspoon
Black peppercorns - ¼ teaspoon
Paprika or Kashmiri chilli powder - 1 teaspoon
Salt - To taste
Oil - 1 teaspoon, optional

Method

Soak the dry red chillies in hot water for approximately 15 minutes or until they become soft. Drain them well.

Dry-roast the coriander seeds, cumin seeds and black peppercorns on low heat until aromatic. Allow them to cool slightly.

Transfer the roasted spices to a mixer grinder and grind them into a coarse powder.

Add the soaked red chillies, shallots, garlic, galangal, ginger, lemongrass, coriander leaves, kaffir lime leaves, red bell pepper, paprika or Kashmiri chilli powder and salt.

Blend everything into a smooth, thick and fragrant paste. Add one teaspoon of oil if required. Avoid adding too much liquid, as the curry paste should remain thick and concentrated.

Use approximately three to four tablespoons of the paste for the Thai Red Curry. Adjust the quantity depending on your preferred spice level.

Store the remaining paste in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to three days. It can also be frozen in small portions for two to three months and used whenever required.

Vegetarian Thai Red Curry

Vegetables and Tofu

Broccoli - 1 cup
Cauliflower - 1 cup
Carrots - 1 cup
Yellow zucchini - 1 cup
Brinjal or eggplant - 1 cup
Baby corn - ½ cup
Yellow bell pepper - ½ cup
Red bell pepper - ½ cup
Firm tofu - 1 block

Curry Base

Thai Red Curry Paste - 3 to 4 tablespoons
Full-fat coconut milk - 400 millilitres
Oil - 1 to 2 tablespoons
Soy sauce - 1 to 2 tablespoons
Brown sugar - ½ teaspoon
Salt - To taste
Kaffir lime leaves - 3 to 4
Fresh Thai basil - 1 handful
Fresh lime juice - To taste

Fresh Aromatics for Enhancing Ready-Made Paste

Shallot - 1 small, finely chopped
Garlic - 2 to 3 cloves, finely chopped
Lemongrass - 1 stalk, white portion finely chopped
Galangal or ginger - 1-inch piece, finely grated

If you are using the homemade Thai Red Curry Paste, these additional aromatics may be omitted.

Method

Wash and cut all the vegetables into bite-sized pieces.

Heat the oil in a wok or deep pan.

If using ready-made curry paste, add the chopped shallot, garlic, lemongrass and grated galangal or ginger. Sauté for one to two minutes until aromatic.

Add the Thai Red Curry Paste and sauté on low heat for approximately two to three minutes. Stir continuously to prevent the paste from burning.

Pour in half of the coconut milk and cook until the curry paste blends beautifully with it and becomes smooth and aromatic.

Add the remaining coconut milk and stir well. Allow it to come to a gentle simmer.

Add the baby corn and carrots first, as they take slightly longer to cook.

Next, add the cauliflower and brinjal. Cook for a few minutes before adding the broccoli, yellow zucchini, red bell pepper, yellow bell pepper and tofu.

Cook until the vegetables are just tender while still retaining their vibrant colours and a slight crunch.

Season with soy sauce, brown sugar and salt. Mix gently so that the tofu does not break.

Add the kaffir lime leaves and fresh Thai basil. Simmer for another two to three minutes.

Switch off the heat and finish with a generous squeeze of fresh lime juice.

Allow the curry to rest for 15 to 20 minutes so that all the flavours develop beautifully.

Serve piping hot with fragrant jasmine rice or steaming basmati rice.

🌿 Tips

🌿 Use full-fat coconut milk for a rich and creamy curry.

🌿 Avoid overcooking the vegetables. They should retain their vibrant colours and a slight crunch.

🌿 Adjust the quantity of Thai Red Curry Paste according to your preferred spice level.

🌿 Add the vegetables according to their cooking time so that the softer vegetables do not become mushy.

🌿 Fresh Thai basil and kaffir lime leaves added towards the end make a huge difference to the aroma.

🌿 Check the ingredients when purchasing ready-made Thai Red Curry Paste to ensure that it does not contain shrimp paste or fish-based ingredients.

🌿 The curry tastes even better after resting for 15 to 20 minutes, as the flavours develop beautifully. 👌🏼

Creamy coconut milk, spicy red curry paste, colourful vegetables and soft tofu come together beautifully in this comforting Thai curry. It is wholesome, aromatic and perfect for enjoying with a bowl of steaming rice.

#ThaiRedCurry #ThaiRecipes #VegetarianRecipes #HomeCooking #ComfortFood #SukanyasMusings

Dahi Batata Puri – Mumbai's Irresistible Chaat Delight

Dahi Batata Puri – Mumbai's Irresistible Chaat Delight🍽

There is something truly magical about standing at a bustling street-side chaat stall in Mumbai. 

The rhythmic crackle of crisp puris, the swift hands of the vendor assembling each plate, the irresistible aroma of freshly roasted spices, and the eager crowd waiting for their turn all come together to create an unforgettable culinary experience.

As a proud Mumbaikar, I have grown up relishing this iconic street food at some of the city's most loved chaat stalls. 

Dahi Batata Puri is more than just a snack, it's a cherished memory, a celebration of flavours, and an inseparable part of Mumbai's vibrant food culture. 

Through Sukanya's Musings, I am delighted to share this authentic recipe with you, so you can recreate the true taste of Mumbai's beloved street food in your own kitchen, wherever you are in the world.

Every bite is a delightful medley of flavours and textures. As you bite into the delicate, crispy puri, you discover a soft, melt-in-the-mouth potato filling, generously draped with silky, chilled yogurt, layered with sweet tamarind chutney and spicy green chutney, then finished with roasted cumin powder, red chilli powder, crunchy sev, fresh coriander, and sparkling ruby-red pomegranate pearls.

The result is nothing short of magical - creamy, crunchy, sweet, tangy, spicy, refreshing, and utterly irresistible, all in a single mouthful. 

It is the kind of chaat that makes you instinctively reach for "just one more" until the plate is mysteriously empty.

The best part is that you don't have to travel to Mumbai to experience this legendary street food. With a handful of simple ingredients and this authentic recipe, you can bring the vibrant flavours, colours, and excitement of Mumbai's famous chaat stalls straight to your dining table.

Preparation Time -  20 minutes

Cooking Time - 15 minutes

Serves - 4

Ingredients

For the Potato Filling

Potatoes (boiled, peeled and mashed) – 4 medium

Roasted cumin powder – ½ tsp

Red chilli powder – ½ tsp

Chaat masala – ½ tsp

Salt – to taste

Coriander leaves (finely chopped) – 2 tbsp

For the Yogurt

Thick chilled yogurt – 2 cups

Sugar (optional) – 1 tsp

Salt – to taste

For Assembling

Crispy puris – 20–24

Sweet tamarind-date chutney – ½ cup

Green mint-coriander chutney – ¼ cup

Nylon sev – ½ cup

Pomegranate arils – ¼ cup

Coriander leaves (finely chopped) – 2 tbsp

Roasted cumin powder – for sprinkling

Red chilli powder – for sprinkling

Chaat masala – for sprinkling

Method

Prepare the potato filling by combining the mashed potatoes with roasted cumin powder, red chilli powder, chaat masala, salt, and chopped coriander. Mix well.

Whisk the chilled yogurt until smooth. Add a little sugar if you prefer a slightly sweeter yogurt, along with a pinch of salt.

Gently crack open the top of each puri without breaking it completely.

Fill each puri generously with the seasoned potato mixture.

Arrange the stuffed puris neatly on a serving plate.

Spoon sweet tamarind chutney over each puri.

Add a little green chutney.

Generously pour the chilled yogurt over the puris so that it beautifully coats each one.

Sprinkle roasted cumin powder, red chilli powder, and a little chaat masala.

Top with plenty of crispy sev.

Finish with chopped coriander and pomegranate arils.

Serve immediately while the puris remain perfectly crisp.

Tips

Always use thick, well-chilled yogurt for the best creamy texture.

Assemble the puris just before serving to keep them crunchy.

Homemade chutneys add the most authentic flavour.

Adjust the sweetness and spice levels to suit your taste.

Garnish generously - sev, coriander, and pomegranate make all the difference.

Sukanya's Tip

For an extra-special presentation, serve your Dahi Batata Puri on a beautiful ceramic platter and pour the chilled yogurt over the puris just before serving at the table. 

Watching the creamy yogurt cascade over the crispy puris is almost as delightful as eating them, making this chaat as much a visual treat as it is a feast for the taste buds.

Serving Instructions

But here's the secret to enjoying Dahi Batata Puri at its very best. 

Once the chilled yogurt has been poured over the crispy puris, don't wait too long! 

The longer they sit, the softer the puris become. Pick one up immediately, open your mouth wide, and pop the whole puri in at once. 

As the crisp shell gives way, it bursts with creamy yogurt, fluffy potatoes, sweet and tangy chutneys, crunchy sev, fragrant spices, fresh coriander, and juicy pomegranate pearls. 

In that single mouthful, you'll experience a delightful explosion of creamy, crunchy, sweet, tangy, spicy, and refreshing flavours - a true celebration of Mumbai's legendary street food culture.

#DahiBatataPuri #MumbaiStreetFood #IndianChaat #VegetarianRecipes #IndianFood #StreetFood #SukanyasMusings

Coconut Burfi with Condensed Milk | Easy Nariyal Barfi Recipe

Coconut Burfi with Condensed Milk – A Rich Festive Delight

There are certain sweets that instantly transport me back to childhood, and Coconut Burfi, also known as Nariyal Barfi, is undoubtedly one of them.

Every Diwali, my mother would lovingly prepare an assortment of traditional sweets at home, and this coconut burfi was always one that I eagerly waited for. The aroma of freshly grated coconut gently cooking with sugar would fill our home, making the festive season feel truly magical.

On my blog, I have already shared my traditional Coconut Burfi recipe, prepared the classic way using coconut and sugar. This version is slightly different. The addition of condensed milk gives the burfi a richer flavour, softer texture, and beautiful melt-in-the-mouth consistency. It is perfect for festivals, celebrations, gifting, or simply satisfying your sweet cravings.

One of the things I love most about coconut burfi is how easily it can be transformed into colourful festive treats. By separating a small portion of the mixture and adding natural food colours such as green, orange, pink, or red, you can create beautiful two-layered burfis that look elegant without much extra effort.

Whether served plain, garnished with pistachios and almonds, or decorated with vegetarian silver varak, this timeless Indian sweet never fails to impress.

Ingredients

• 3 cups freshly grated coconut
• 200 g sweetened condensed milk
•  ½ cup sugar (adjust according to sweetness preferred)
•  2 tbsp ghee
• - ½ tsp cardamom powder
• - 2 tbsp chopped pistachios
• - 2 tbsp chopped almonds

Optional

- Natural food colours (green, orange, red or pink)

- Vegetarian silver varak for decoration

Method

Grease a tray or plate with a little ghee and keep it ready.

Heat the ghee in a heavy-bottomed pan. Add the grated coconut and sauté gently for 2 to 3 minutes without browning.

Add the condensed milk followed by the sugar and continue stirring continuously over medium-low heat until the mixture thickens and begins leaving the sides of the pan.

Mix in the cardamom powder.

If preparing coloured burfi, remove about one-third of the mixture into another bowl. Add a few drops of your preferred food colour and mix well.

Spread the plain white coconut mixture evenly into the prepared tray.

Immediately spread the coloured mixture over the white layer and gently level the surface using a greased spatula.

Sprinkle chopped pistachios and almonds generously over the top and gently press them into the burfi.

For a festive sweet-shop finish, decorate the surface with vegetarian silver varak.

Allow the burfi to cool completely before cutting into squares or diamonds.

✨️Variations

- Prepare it completely white for a traditional look.

- Create attractive two-layered burfi using natural food colours.

- Garnish with pistachios, almonds, cashews or saffron.

- Finish with vegetarian silver varak for an elegant festive presentation.

- Flavour with rose essence or kewra essence for a different aroma.

Storage🧊

Store in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to one week. Bring to room temperature before serving for the best flavour and texture.

#CoconutBurfi #NariyalBarfi #IndianSweets #DiwaliRecipes #VegetarianDesserts

Aadi Masam and the Chinese Hungry Ghost Month Two Ancient Traditions, One Season of Reflection

"Two Ancient Traditions, One Season of Reflection"

Living in multicultural Singapore has given me a wonderful opportunity to appreciate the richness of different cultures and traditions. One observation has always fascinated me.

Every year, somewhere around the middle of the year, both the Tamil Hindu and Chinese communities observe a spiritually significant period during which many families traditionally avoid weddings, moving into a new home, starting a new business, or embarking on other major life events.

As someone who grew up with the traditions of Aadi Masam while also witnessing the customs of Singapore's Chinese community, I often wondered....🤔

Why do these two cultures, separated by thousands of kilometres and shaped by different religions, seem to observe such similar practices?

Are they connected?

Or is it simply a remarkable coincidence?

The answer is both fascinating and enlightening.

Similar on the Outside, Different at the Core

Although these traditions appear similar, they arise from completely different beliefs and histories.

Their customs may overlap, but their spiritual foundations are unique.

Aadi Masam

Aadi Masam is a sacred month in the Tamil calendar that usually falls between mid July and mid August.

It is a month devoted to prayer, gratitude, spiritual reflection and the worship of the Divine Mother, Goddess Shakti. Rather than focusing on worldly celebrations, many families dedicate this period to temple visits, charity, devotion and strengthening their spiritual lives.

Chinese Hungry Ghost Month

The Chinese Hungry Ghost Month generally falls between August and September, depending on the traditional Chinese lunisolar calendar.

According to traditional Chinese Buddhist and Taoist beliefs, it is a time when families honour their ancestors through prayers and offerings. It is also traditionally believed that the spirit world is especially active during this month, which is why many families choose to postpone important milestones.

Why Are Weddings Traditionally Avoided?

This is perhaps the most noticeable similarity.

Yet the reasons are quite different.

During Aadi Masam

Many Tamil Hindu families view Aadi as a sacred period dedicated to spiritual growth rather than personal celebration. The emphasis is on prayer, devotion and gratitude, making it a time to look inward before embarking on life's next chapter.

During the Chinese Hungry Ghost Month

Traditional Chinese beliefs hold that the seventh lunar month is a period for honouring ancestors and showing respect to the spirit world. As a result, many families traditionally avoid weddings, moving house or launching new businesses during this time.

Today, many people continue these customs out of tradition, while others choose dates based on personal preference. Practices vary from family to family.

Two Ancient Calendars

Another fascinating difference lies in how each culture measures time.

The Tamil calendar is primarily a solar calendar, based on the Sun's movement through the zodiac. As a result, Aadi Masam usually falls around the same period every year.

The traditional Chinese calendar is lunisolar, combining the movements of both the Moon and the Sun. This causes the Hungry Ghost Month to shift on the Gregorian calendar from year to year.

Despite using different systems, both calendars have guided their communities for centuries.

More Than Superstition

It is easy to dismiss these traditions as superstition.

However, when we look more closely, we discover something far deeper.

Both traditions encourage people to pause.

To reflect before making important decisions.

To honour the divine.

To remember ancestors.

To strengthen family bonds.

To express gratitude.

Whether one follows these customs for religious reasons, cultural identity or simply out of respect for family traditions, they remind us that not every season in life is meant for rushing ahead.

Some seasons are meant for quiet reflection.

What These Traditions Have Taught Me

One of the greatest gifts of living in Singapore is seeing different cultures flourish side by side.

The more I learn about each tradition, the more I realise that while our rituals may differ, our values often meet in beautiful ways.

Both Aadi Masam and the Chinese Hungry Ghost Month teach us humility.

Both encourage respect for those who came before us.

Both remind us that gratitude is as important as ambition.

And both quietly whisper a lesson that our modern world sometimes forgets:

There is a time to celebrate.

There is a time to strive.

And there is also a time to pause, reflect and reconnect with our roots.

Perhaps that is why these traditions have endured for centuries.

Not because they ask us to fear the future, but because they invite us to approach it with reverence, wisdom and gratitude.

#AadiMasam #HungryGhostMonth #TamilTraditions #ChineseCulture #CulturalHeritage #Spirituality #Singapore #SukanyasMusings

Authentic Falafel Recipe with Creamy Hummus | Crispy Middle Eastern Chickpea Fritters

Authentic Falafel with Creamy Hummus

There are some dishes that instantly make you feel at home, even when they come from a completely different part of the world. Falafel is one such dish.

Golden and crispy on the outside, soft and flavourful on the inside, falafel is one of the most beloved vegetarian dishes of the Middle East. Made from chickpeas, fresh herbs, garlic, and aromatic spices, these delicious fritters are enjoyed as a snack, appetiser, or wholesome meal.

I particularly enjoy serving falafel alongside a bowl of creamy hummus drizzled with extra virgin olive oil. The contrast between the crispy falafel and the smooth, velvety hummus creates a combination that is both satisfying and comforting.

What makes falafel especially appealing to Indian palates is its familiarity. While the flavours may differ, the concept of transforming humble legumes into delicious fritters is something we know and love through many of our own traditional recipes.

Culinary History

Falafel is one of the most iconic dishes of Middle Eastern cuisine and is enjoyed across countries such as Egypt, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Palestine, and Israel. Although its exact origins remain a subject of debate, many food historians believe that falafel originated in Egypt, where it was traditionally prepared using fava beans.

As the dish travelled throughout the Middle East, chickpeas gradually became the preferred ingredient in many regions. Over time, falafel evolved into a popular street food known for its affordability, portability, and satisfying flavour.

Traditionally, falafel is served inside warm pita bread or alongside accompaniments such as hummus, tahini sauce, fresh salads, pickled vegetables, olives, and garlic sauce. Today, it has gained worldwide popularity as a wholesome vegetarian and vegan dish that showcases the versatility of humble legumes.

The culinary traditions of the Middle East have long been influenced by ancient trade routes that connected Asia, Europe, and Africa. These exchanges facilitated the movement of spices, ingredients, and cooking techniques between regions. 

As a result, many ingredients commonly found in Middle Eastern cuisine, such as cumin, coriander, cardamom, cinnamon, and cloves, are also familiar to Indian kitchens.

✨️Falafel and Indian Cuisine🍃

Every time I prepare falafel, I am reminded of how similar food cultures can be, even when they originate thousands of kilometres apart.

To an Indian, especially someone who has grown up enjoying traditional South Indian snacks, falafel bears a striking resemblance to our beloved Paruppu Vadai. Both are made from soaked legumes, ground with aromatic ingredients, shaped by hand, and fried until golden and crisp.

While Paruppu Vadai typically uses chana dal and is flavoured with onions, curry leaves, green chillies, and fennel seeds, falafel relies on chickpeas, fresh parsley, coriander leaves, garlic, cumin, and other Middle Eastern seasonings.

The flavours may differ, but the philosophy behind the dish is remarkably similar. Both cuisines transform humble pulses into protein-rich, flavourful snacks that are affordable, nutritious, and deeply satisfying. Both are popular street foods and are often enjoyed as a quick snack, appetiser, or light meal.

In many ways, falafel can be thought of as the Middle Eastern cousin of our Paruppu Vadai. The crispy exterior, wholesome ingredients, and satisfying texture make it instantly familiar to the Indian palate.

It is fascinating how culinary traditions separated by geography arrived at such similar ideas, proving once again that good food transcends borders. Whether it is a plate of hot Paruppu Vadai served with chutney in South India or freshly made falafel paired with creamy hummus in the Middle East, both celebrate the simple magic of transforming humble legumes into something truly delicious.

✨️Falafel Recipe🍃

Ingredients

- Dried chickpeas – 1 cup

- Onion – 1 medium, roughly chopped

- Garlic – 4 cloves

- Fresh parsley – ½ cup

- Fresh coriander leaves – ½ cup

- Cumin powder – 1 teaspoon

- Coriander powder – 1 teaspoon

- Black pepper powder – ½ teaspoon

- Salt – 1 teaspoon or to taste

- Baking powder – ½ teaspoon

- Plain flour – 2 tablespoons (optional)

- Oil for deep frying

Method

Soak the dried chickpeas overnight for at least 12 hours.

Drain them thoroughly and pat them dry.

Add the chickpeas, onion, garlic, parsley, coriander leaves, cumin powder, coriander powder, black pepper powder, and salt to a food processor.

Pulse until the mixture resembles coarse crumbs. Do not process into a smooth paste.

Transfer the mixture to a bowl and refrigerate for about an hour.

Add the baking powder and flour if required and mix well.

Shape the mixture into small balls or patties.

Heat oil in a kadai or deep pan and fry until golden brown and crisp.

Drain on absorbent paper and serve hot.

✨️Creamy Hummus👌🏼😋

Ingredients

- Cooked chickpeas – 1½ cups

- Tahini – 2 tablespoons

- Garlic – 2 cloves

- Lemon juice – 2 tablespoons

- Olive oil – 2 tablespoons

- Salt – to taste

- Water as required

Method

Blend the chickpeas, tahini, garlic, lemon juice, olive oil, and salt until smooth and creamy.

Add a little water if required to achieve a silky consistency.

Transfer to a serving bowl.

Using the back of a spoon, create a shallow swirl on the surface.

Drizzle generously with extra virgin olive oil before serving.

✨️Traditional Accompaniments

Falafel is commonly served with:

- Hummus

- Tahini sauce

- Warm pita bread

- Pickled vegetables

- Lettuce

- Tomato and cucumber salad

- Tabbouleh salad

- Garlic sauce

- Olives

- Lemon wedges

The combination of crispy falafel, creamy hummus, fresh vegetables, and warm pita bread creates a complete and satisfying meal.

Serving Suggestions

Serve the falafel warm alongside freshly prepared hummus, a simple cucumber and tomato salad, olives, and warm pita bread.

For a lighter meal, pair it with a fresh Mediterranean salad.

For a heartier meal, tuck the falafel into pita pockets along with lettuce, tomatoes, cucumbers, pickles, and a generous spread of hummus or tahini sauce.

✨️Sukanya's Musings✍️

Whether served in a warm pita pocket, alongside a bowl of creamy hummus, or simply enjoyed on its own, falafel is a beautiful reminder that good food knows no borders.

Across cultures and continents, humble ingredients are transformed into dishes that bring comfort, nourishment, and joy to the table. And perhaps that is what makes food such a wonderful bridge between people and traditions.

#Falafel #Hummus #MiddleEasternFood #VegetarianRecipes #ChickpeaRecipes #WorldCuisine #SukanyasMusings

Mahua Oil (Iluppai Ennai): Traditional Benefits for Skin, Hair & Wellness

Mahua Oil (Iluppai Ennai) – The Forgotten Treasure from Nature's Pharmacy

Long before shelves were lined with expensive beauty products and chemical-laden hair treatments, our grandmothers relied on nature's gifts to care for their skin, hair, and overall well-being.

One such traditional treasure is Mahua Oil, known as Iluppai Ennai in Tamil. Extracted from the seeds of the Madhuca longifolia tree, this nourishing oil has been valued for centuries across India for its remarkable healing and moisturizing properties.

What is Mahua Oil?

Mahua Oil, also called Mohwa Oil, is derived from the seed kernels of the Madhuca longifolia tree, popularly known as the Indian Butter Tree. Native to India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Myanmar, this magnificent tree has long been regarded as a blessing for rural and tribal communities.

Almost every part of the tree is useful — its flowers, fruits, seeds, leaves, and bark have been traditionally used for food, medicine, and daily living.

Traditional Uses of Mahua Oil

1. A Natural Moisturizer for Dry Skin

Mahua Oil is rich in essential fatty acids that deeply penetrate the skin and provide long-lasting hydration.

Traditionally, it has been used to:

• Relieve dry and flaky skin

• Soothe rough elbows and cracked heels

• Improve skin softness and suppleness

• Maintain healthy, glowing skin

Its emollient nature helps the skin retain moisture, making it especially useful during dry weather.

2. Helps Support Skin Repair

Traditional practitioners have long valued Mahua Oil for its soothing properties.

It is often used to help:

• Calm irritated skin

• Reduce dryness associated with eczema

• Soothe dermatitis-prone skin

• Support the natural repair of damaged skin

Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties contribute to healthier-looking skin over time.

3. Supports Youthful-Looking Skin💞

Regular application is believed to improve skin elasticity and firmness.

Many traditional beauty remedies use Mahua Oil to:

• Reduce the appearance of fine lines

• Improve skin texture

• Enhance natural radiance

• Support a youthful complexion

4. Nourishes Hair and Scalp💆‍♀️

Our grandmothers often believed that healthy hair begins with a healthy scalp.

Mahua Oil is traditionally used as a hair oil because it:

• Deeply moisturizes the scalp

• Reduces dryness and frizz

• Helps detangle hair naturally

• Strengthens hair strands

• Minimizes breakage

Regular oiling may help hair appear thicker, shinier, and more manageable.

5. Traditional Massage Oil🫗

Mahua Oil has long been used as a massage oil in many parts of India.

Traditional uses include:

• Body massage before bathing

• Infant massage in some communities

• Joint and muscle massage

• Relaxation and wellness therapies

Its rich texture makes it an excellent carrier oil for herbal infusions.

6. Sacred Lamp Oil🪔

One of the lesser-known traditional uses of Iluppai Oil is as a Deepam Oil.

In many South Indian households and temples, Mahua Oil has been used for lighting lamps during religious ceremonies and spiritual practices. It is considered auspicious and forms part of many age-old traditions.

The Remarkable Mahua Tree

The Mahua tree is truly nature's gift.

Growing up to 20 metres tall, it is recognised by its broad canopy, thick bark, and fragrant creamy-white flowers.

The tree provides:

Edible Flowers🍃

The sweet flowers are collected and consumed fresh, dried, or cooked. In several regions of India, they are also traditionally fermented to prepare local beverages.

Mahua Butter🧈

The seeds yield a rich vegetable fat often called Mahua Butter, which is used in:

• Traditional cooking

• Soap making

• Cosmetics

• Confectionery industries

✨️Traditional Medicinal Uses

Various parts of the tree have been used in folk and Ayurvedic practices for supporting general wellness and addressing a range of traditional health concerns.

Livelihood Support 👍🏻

For countless rural and tribal families across India, the Mahua tree remains an important source of food, income, fodder, and sustainable livelihood.

How to Use Mahua Oil

For Skin

Warm a few drops between your palms and gently massage onto clean skin before bedtime.

For Hair💆

Massage into the scalp and hair lengths. Leave for at least one hour or overnight before washing.

For Dry Feet🦶

Apply generously to cracked heels and wear cotton socks overnight.

For Massage

Use slightly warmed oil for a relaxing full-body massage.

A Gentle Word of Caution⚠️

Although Mahua Oil has been traditionally used for generations, every skin type is different. Always perform a patch test before applying any new oil to the skin. 

Individuals with existing medical conditions should seek professional medical advice before using traditional remedies.

Dadi Maa Says...👵

"Nature often provides simple remedies that generations before us trusted and cherished. Mahua Oil is one such forgotten gift, nourishing for the skin, strengthening for the hair, and deeply rooted in our cultural heritage."

#DadiMaaKeNuskhe #MahuaOil #IluppaiEnnai #TraditionalRemedies #NaturalSkincare #HairCare #Ayurveda #IndianHeritage #NaturalWellness #SukanyasMusings

Disclaimer: Home remedies are supplementary approaches and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare practitioner for any medical concerns.

Vegetarian Bee Hoon with Dumpling Soup | Easy Singapore-Style Noodle Soup Recipe

VEGETARIAN BEE HOON WITH DUMPLING SOUP

A Comforting One-Pot Meal for Rainy Days, Busy Evenings, and Recovery Meals.

Living in Singapore has introduced me to many dishes that were completely unfamiliar to me when I first arrived. Having grown up with the flavours of South Indian cooking, noodle soups and dumplings were not something I naturally gravitated towards. Over the years, however, I gradually learnt to appreciate the subtle flavours and comforting nature of many Asian soups and noodle dishes.

One dish that I particularly enjoy is Vegetarian Bee Hoon with Dumpling Soup.

There is something incredibly satisfying about a steaming bowl filled with delicate rice vermicelli, tender vegetables, flavourful dumplings, and a fragrant broth infused with ginger, garlic, and sesame oil. It is simple food, yet deeply comforting.

This is the kind of meal I find myself reaching for when I have a cold, a sore throat, or simply need something warm and nourishing. The soft Bee Hoon noodles are easy to eat, the broth is soothing, and the vegetables and dumplings transform it into a wholesome one-pot meal. It is filling without feeling heavy and satisfying without being rich.

What I particularly love about this recipe is its flexibility. You can use whatever vegetables happen to be sitting in your refrigerator, making it both practical and economical. It is also a wonderful way to create a nourishing meal in under thirty minutes without compromising on flavour.

Whether enjoyed on a rainy evening, served as a quick weeknight dinner, or prepared when someone in the family is feeling under the weather, this Vegetarian Bee Hoon with Dumpling Soup never fails to bring warmth and comfort to the table.

Simple, nourishing, and full of flavour, it is truly a meal that feels like a warm hug in a bowl.

Ingredients

For the Soup

Bee Hoon (Rice Vermicelli) – 200 g

Vegetarian Dumplings – 12 to 15

Vegetable Stock – 1 litre

Garlic – 3 cloves, minced

Ginger – 1-inch piece, thinly sliced

Sesame Oil – 1 tbsp

Light Soy Sauce – 1 tbsp

White Pepper – to taste

For the Vegetables

Baby Bok Choy or other leafy greens – 100 g

Carrot – ½, thinly sliced

Fresh Shiitake Mushrooms – 4 to 5, sliced

Bean Sprouts – a handful

Method

Prepare the Noodles

Soak the Bee Hoon in room-temperature water for 15 to 20 minutes until softened.

Drain thoroughly and keep aside.

🚫Avoid using hot water as it may make the noodles overly soft and mushy.

Prepare the Broth

Heat the sesame oil in a large pot over medium heat.

Add the minced garlic and sliced ginger.

Sauté gently for about a minute until fragrant.

Pour in the vegetable stock.

Add the light soy sauce and white pepper.

Bring the broth to a gentle boil.

Cook the Dumplings and Vegetables

Carefully add the vegetarian dumplings to the simmering broth.

Add the sliced carrots and shiitake mushrooms.

Allow everything to simmer for 4 to 5 minutes until the dumplings are cooked and begin floating to the surface.

✨️Finish the Soup🍜

Add the bok choy and bean sprouts.

Gently add the softened Bee Hoon.

Cook for another 2 minutes until the vegetables are tender and the noodles are heated through.

Taste and adjust the seasoning if required.

Serve immediately while piping hot.

Serving Suggestions

Serve this comforting soup as a complete meal on its own.

For extra flavour, garnish with:

• Chopped spring onions

• Crispy fried shallots

• A drizzle of chilli oil

• Fresh coriander leaves

• Toasted sesame seeds

The soup also pairs beautifully with Asian-style pickles or an extra side of steamed dumplings.

Variations

• Add tofu puffs or firm tofu cubes for extra protein.

• Include baby corn, snow peas, spinach, napa cabbage, broccoli, or any vegetables you have on hand.

• Stir in a spoonful of miso paste for a deeper umami flavour.

• Add a splash of unsweetened soy milk for a slightly richer broth.

• Use homemade vegetable dumplings for special occasions.

Is It Vegan?

Yes, provided the dumplings and vegetable stock used are entirely plant-based.

Is It Gluten-Free?

Bee Hoon is naturally gluten-free as it is made from rice.

However, ensure that:

• The soy sauce used is gluten-free.

• The dumplings are made without wheat wrappers if gluten-free preparation is required.

#BeeHoonSoup #VegetarianRecipes #AsianComfortFood #SingaporeFood #NoodleSoup #OnePotMeal #SukanyasMusings

Idli Upma Recipe | Tamil Brahmin Style Leftover Idli Upma with a Unique Twist

IDLI UPMA WITH A TWIST💃

One of the things I love most about traditional Indian cooking is that nothing goes to waste.

Growing up in a Tamil Brahmin household, I learnt early that leftover food was never something to be discarded. With a little creativity, yesterday's meal could easily become today's favourite dish. 

Our kitchens were built on the philosophy of making the most of what we had, and some of the most comforting dishes emerged from this simple wisdom.

Idli Upma is a perfect example of this philosophy.

When making idlis, we often prepare a few extra. After all, soft, fluffy idlis paired with different types of chutneys, aromatic sambar, and a drizzle of sesame oil have a way of disappearing from the plate faster than expected. Sometimes family members eat more than usual, and sometimes fewer. As a result, a few idlis inevitably find their way into the refrigerator.

The next day, those humble leftover idlis are given a second life.

Crumbled and tossed with a fragrant tempering of mustard seeds, lentils, curry leaves, and green chillies, they become a comforting breakfast, a light dinner, or an evening snack.

Every family has its own version of Idli Upma. Some keep it simple, while others add vegetables, peanuts, or cashew nuts. This version, with the addition of crushed papad, is my own little kitchen experiment that gradually became a family favourite.

The idea came from another common occurrence in our home. Whenever we made sambar rice, rasam rice, or curd rice, we would fry papads to accompany the meal. 

Quite often, a few papads would remain untouched. Rather than letting them go stale, I began crushing them and mixing them into the Idli Upma.

The result was surprisingly delicious.

Rather than remaining crisp, the papad softens slightly when folded into the warm upma, creating a texture that is pleasantly chewy and flavourful. If you prefer some crunch, you can always reserve a little crushed papad and sprinkle it on top just before serving.

It is a simple idea, but one that transforms the dish and gives leftover ingredients a second chance to shine.

Simple, economical, comforting, and delicious this is home cooking at its best.

Ingredients

For the Idli Upma

Leftover idlis – 5 to 6

Green chillies – 2, finely chopped

Turmeric powder – ¼ tsp

Asafoetida (Hing) – a pinch

Molagapodi (Idli Podi) – 1 to 2 tsp

Salt – to taste (adjust carefully as the idlis already contain salt & Molagapodi contains salt too)

Fresh coriander leaves – 2 tbsp, finely chopped

For the Tempering

Rice bran oil (or any neutral-flavoured oil) – 2 tbsp

Mustard seeds – 1 tsp

Chana dal – 1 tsp

Urad dal – 1 tsp

Sesame seeds – 1 tsp

Curry leaves – 1 sprig

✨️Sukanya's Musings Original Twist🥁

Leftover fried papads – 2 to 3, crushed

Method

If the idlis have been refrigerated, warm them slightly in the microwave for a few seconds.

Crumble or mash the idlis into coarse crumbs. I personally prefer mashing them well as it helps distribute the spices evenly throughout the dish.

Add the turmeric powder, asafoetida, molagapodi, and salt to the crumbled idlis and mix gently.

Heat the oil in a pan.

Add the mustard seeds and allow them to splutter.

Add the chana dal and urad dal and sauté until they turn golden.

Add the sesame seeds, sauté, then add the chopped green chillies, and curry leaves. 

Sauté briefly until fragrant.

Add the seasoned idli crumbs and toss gently until the tempering coats the idlis evenly.

Cook on low heat for 2 to 3 minutes, stirring occasionally.

Finally, add the crushed papads and gently mix them through the upma.

Garnish with freshly chopped coriander leaves and serve hot.

Serving Suggestions

Serve hot with a tumbler of freshly brewed South Indian filter coffee / tea for a traditional breakfast experience.

It also makes a wonderful evening snack or a light dinner.

For extra flavour, serve with coconut chutney, tomato chutney, onion chutney, coriander chutney, pickle, or a spoonful of homemade molagapodi mixed with sesame oil, if you prefer. 

The dish doesn't need any accompaniment as such. 

Notes

• The papad softens slightly when mixed into the hot upma, creating a wonderfully chewy texture.

• If you prefer some crunch, reserve a little crushed papad and sprinkle it over the upma just before serving.

• Adjust the amount of molagapodi according to your spice preference.

• A neutral-flavoured oil allows the spices and molagapodi to shine through.

• Slightly sour leftover idlis often make even tastier Idli Upma.

Is It Gluten-Free?

This recipe can be gluten-free, but it depends on two ingredients.

Asafoetida (hing) often contains wheat flour, so use a certified gluten-free hing if required.

Similarly, check the ingredients of your papad, as some commercial varieties may contain additives that are not gluten-free.

When prepared with gluten-free hing and suitable papad, this dish can be enjoyed as a gluten-free meal.

#IdliUpma #PapadIdliUpma #TamilBrahminRecipes #LeftoverMagic #SouthIndianBreakfast #SukanyasMusings

Khandvi (Suralichi Vadi) Recipe | Soft Gujarati Gram Flour Rolls | Traditional Maharashtrian Snack

KHANDVI / SURALICHI VADI

Delicate Chickpea Flour Rolls from Gujarat, Loved in Maharashtra Too

Some recipes are a lesson in patience, precision, and simplicity.

Khandvi, the soft and silky gram flour rolls from Gujarat, is one such culinary masterpiece. Known for its melt-in-the-mouth texture and delicate tempering, this humble snack transforms the simplest of pantry staples into something truly elegant.

In Maharashtra, this beloved delicacy is known as Suralichi Vadi. Although the names differ, the essence remains the same, a light, flavourful snack made with gram flour and yogurt, gently seasoned and rolled into beautiful spirals.

For many home cooks, Khandvi can seem intimidating. 

The secret lies not in complicated ingredients but in timing and consistency. 

Once mastered, it becomes one of those recipes that never fails to impress family and guests alike.

Naturally gluten-free and relatively light, Khandvi makes an excellent tea-time snack, festive appetiser, or even a healthy mid-day treat.

Ingredients

For the Khandvi

Gram flour (Besan) – 1 cup

Sour yogurt (well whisked) – 1 cup

Water – 2 cups

Ginger paste – 1 tsp

Green chilli paste – 1 tsp

Turmeric powder – ¼ tsp

Asafoetida – a pinch

Salt – 1 tsp or to taste

For the Tempering

Oil – 2 tbsp

Mustard seeds – 1 tsp

Sesame seeds – 1 tsp

Green chillies – 2, slit lengthwise

Curry leaves – 8–10 leaves

For Garnishing

Fresh grated coconut – 2 tbsp

Fresh coriander leaves – 2 tbsp, finely chopped

Method

Grease the back of steel plates, marble countertops, large trays, or clean granite surfaces with a thin layer of oil and keep them ready.

In a mixing bowl, combine the gram flour, yogurt, and water. Whisk thoroughly until there are no lumps. Add the ginger paste, green chilli paste, turmeric powder, asafoetida, and salt.

Transfer the mixture to a heavy-bottomed pan and cook over medium heat, stirring continuously. This step requires patience and constant attention to prevent lumps from forming.

Continue stirring until the mixture thickens into a smooth paste. To test if it is ready, spread a small spoonful onto a greased plate. Allow it to cool for a few seconds. If it peels off easily and can be rolled without sticking, the mixture is ready.

Working quickly, spread the hot mixture into thin, even layers over the prepared surfaces using the back of a spatula.

Allow it to cool for a few minutes.

Using a sharp knife, cut long strips approximately 1½ to 2 inches wide.

Carefully roll each strip into tight spirals and arrange them neatly on a serving platter.

Tempering

Heat oil in a small pan.

Add the mustard seeds and allow them to splutter.

Add the sesame seeds, slit green chillies, and curry leaves. Sauté briefly until aromatic.

Pour the tempering evenly over the prepared Khandvi rolls.

Garnish generously with fresh grated coconut and finely chopped coriander leaves.

Serve immediately.

Serving Suggestions

Khandvi tastes best served fresh with a hot cup of masala chai.

It also makes an elegant addition to festive snack platters and is ideal for potlucks and family gatherings.

Its light texture and subtle flavours make it a favourite among both children and adults.

Tips for Perfect Khandvi

• Ensure the batter is completely lump-free before cooking.

• Stir continuously while cooking to achieve a silky texture.

• Spread the mixture immediately after cooking, as it sets quickly.

• Thinner layers result in softer and more delicate rolls.

• Slightly sour yogurt gives the authentic flavour associated with traditional Khandvi.

Delicate, silky, and deceptively simple, Khandvi is proof that the most elegant dishes often arise from the humblest ingredients. 

Known as Suralichi Vadi in Maharashtra, these melt-in-the-mouth gram flour rolls are a celebration of patience, tradition, and flavour. ✨

Happy cooking! ❤️

#Khandvi #SurilichiVadi #GujaratiRecipes #MaharashtrianFood #IndianSnacks #VegetarianRecipes #SukanyasMusings